Headlight



E. M. WARNER June 5, 1934.

HEADLIGHT 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Nov. 15, 1933 Jun 1934. E. M. 'WARNERHEADLIGHT 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Nov. 15, 1933 Patented June 5, 1934 iUNITED sTATEs PATENT OFFICE HEADLIGHT Edward M. Warner, Boston, Mass.

Application November 15, 1933, Serial No. 698,134

' 6 Claims. (01. 240-412) This invention relates to a new and usefulimprovement in 'head lamps. It is especially intended for use on motorvehicles but may be employed on other than motor vehicles or forstationary use.. The object of the invention is to give a broader beamof light than is given by any of the lampsnow in use and also to throwthe light to either or both sides, as desired, as well as to the front.Another object is to so arrange the lights and reflecting surfaces thatthe rays from the several lights will not intersect each other. l

The ordinary head light takes care of the front view but a head lightmade in accordance with my invention will throw the light so as toprovidefor roads leading off to either side, also to throw the light onditches and curves so that a perscn standing on a curve or sidewalk canbe seen by the driver ofthe approaching car. Also on turning cornerseither to the right or to the left a lamp embodying my inventionqwillthrow the light on both sides without the necessity of manipulating orswivelling the light as has heretofore been the practice.

The invention will be fully understood from the following descriptionwhen taken in connec-.

tion with the accompanying drawing and the novel features thereof willbe pointed out and clearly defined in the claims at the close of thisspecification.

In the drawing:

Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic plan view of a motor vehicle equipped with twohead lamps, each embodying my invention.

Fig. 2 is a view showing in diagram one form of wiring.

Fig. 3 is a vertical section of a lamp embodying the invention.

i Fig. 4 is a horizontal section on line 4-4 of Fig. 3 and showing thedirection of the rays when all theelectrical contacts are closed.

Fig. 5 is a front elevation of a modified form of construction of thereflector and arrangement of thelamps. i

Fig. 6 is a plan view of the modified form shown in Fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is a vertical longitudinal section on line 77 of Fig. 5.

Before explaining in detail the present invention it is to be understoodthat the invention is not limited in its application to the details ofconstruction and arrangement of parts illustrated in the accompanyingdrawing. since the invention is capable of other embodiments and ofbeing practicedor carried out in various ways.

Also it is to be understood that the phraseology or terminology employedherein is for the purpose of description and not of limitation, and itis not intended to -limit the invention claimed herein beyond therequirements of the prior art.

Referring to the drawing, there is shown at A an automobile equippedwith two lamps B, B, each embodying the invention, one on the right andone on the left front.

There is shown at C the main shell of the refiector which may be of anysuitable material, preferably having an outer shell or frame 10 and aninner shell 11, the'inner shell having a suitable reflecting surface.The general contour of the shell 11' is conical with an outwardlybulging convex wall and with a transparent front 12. The shell C has twooutwardly extending cone shaped chambers l3, 14, said chambers being onopposite sides of the axis of the shell. Said chambers preferably haveoutwardly bulging convex walls similar in form to the substantiallyconical shape of the main shell C-and open into the chamber of said mainshell C. These chamber portions 13, 14 have their axes disposed at suchan angle to each other and to the main shell that their axes will crosseach other and the rays 15,16 reflected from the reflecting surfaces ofthe chambers 13, 14, will cross each other and cross the rays 9reflected from the main body of the shell at an angle as shown in Fig.4.

Mounted in the apex of the main body of the shell is an electric bulb1'7. Mounted in the apices of the respective auxiliary chamber members13 and 14 are the electric bulbs 18,19.

The car is provided with a suitable battery for electrifying the lampsand with suitable wiring and switches so that the operator can readilyhave the main bulb 17 lighted and also at the same time have either oneor both of the auxiliary side bulbs 18 and 19 lighted. Any suitablearrangement of wires and control may be used. One arrangement is shownin diagram in Fig. 2, in which four circuits are illustrated: The firstcircuit connects a battery 20 with the center bulbs 17 of both headlamps B and'B. The second circuit connects said battery 20 tothe leftside bulbs 18 of both head lamps B and B through switch 25. The thirdcircuit connects said battery 20 to the right side bulbs 19 of the headlamps B and B also through said switch 25; and the fourth circuitconnects all the bulbs 18 and 19 of both head lamps B and B.

Switch 25 can be located at any convenient place in the car, and is ofthe double-arm type. It is also provided with three contacts: One markedL to close the circuit of the left side bulbs 18, a second one'marked Rto close the circuit of the right side bulbs 19 and a thirdflmarked ALLwhich closes the circuits of all left and right bulbs when this\is sodesired.

The first circuit is formed in the following manner: Wire 21 connectsthe positive pole of battery 20 with one terminal in the socket ofcenter bulb 17 in lamp B and a wire 23 connects the negative pole ofsaid battery with the other terminal of said bulb 17 in lamp B. In thesame manner a wire 21a leads} from wire 21 to one terminal of bulb 17 inlamp B and wire 23a leading from wire 23 connects to the other terminalof said bulb. I The second circuit is formed by wirex24, arm 27, contact29 and wire 28 to one terminal in socket of left side bulb 18 in lamp B,the other terminal of this bulb, being connected through lead 34 to oneterminal of left side bulb 18 in lamp B. A wire 232) from the secondterminal of this bulb connects with wire 23 which leads to the negativepole) of battery 20, thus completing the circuit.

The third circuit is formed by wire 24, arm 2'7, contact 30 and wire 31to one terminal of right side bulb 19 in head lamp B; the secondterminal of this bulb 19 is connected through wire 23d to.

one terminal of right side bulb 19 of lamp B and the other terminal ofthis bulb is connected to wires 23c and 23 which lead to the negativepole of the battery to complete this circuit.

The fourth circuit is accomplished merely by throwing both arms of theswitch in contact. In this way, arm 26- will close the circuit of theleft side bulbs as described before and arm 2'7 at the same time willclose the circuit of the right side bulbs through contact 32, leads 33,and 31 and so on.

Each lamp B, B is preferably adjustably mounted as a unit so that it maybe set either in a horizontal position as shown in Fig. 3 or it may beadjusted to incline upwardly or downwardly. This is provided for bymounting it on an upright arm 35 which is pivotally mounted on ahorizontal stud 36, said stud 36 being rotatably talustable in the head37 of a stud 38 to be afflxed to the car. i According to my invention aunitary lamp will take the place of several spot lights as now used byreason of the several reflectors reflecting the light in differentdirections. Instead of being reflected straight ahead only, they willreflect also divergently from the same line. The master reflector has alamp in the center and there are provided any desired number of smallerreflectors located according to the different directions in which youwish to reflect the light.

In the modified form shown in Figs. 5, 6 and '7 the shell A has the twoauxiliary chambers 13a and 14a located one above and one below the axisof the shell.

Said chambers preferably have outwardly bulging convex walls 10a and1111 similar in form to the substantially conical shape of the main bodyof the'shell and open into the main chamber of said shell. Theseauxiliary chamber portions 13a, 14a have their axes so disposed withrelation to each other and to the main chamber that their axes will beat an angle to each other when viewed in plan as in Fig. 6 but as theyare in planes at different elevations from each other they will notactually intersect. The rays 9a, 15a, 16a reflected from the reflectingsurfaces of the main chamber and chambers 13a, 14a will also he inplanes at different elevations from each other and. therefore, do notintersect each other.

Mounted in the apexrof the main body of the shell is an electric bulb17a. Mounted in the apices of the respective auxiliary chambers 13a, 14aare the electric bulbs 18a, 19a.

As plainly shown in Figs. 5 and '7, the rays from the several lamps 17a,18a, 19a do not intersect each other but extend in parallel planes. Asshown in Fig. 6 the rays from the several lamps are in plan view andappear to be at an angle to each other but being in different planesthey do not actually intersect.

The invention is not confined to use with an automobile or other vehiclebut may be used wherever flood lights are desired, whether mounted on amovable automobile or other vehicle, or whether the support isstationary.

What I claim is:

l. A light reflector consisting of a concave shell having a reflectinginner face, a main reflecting bay on the focal axis, a supplementalrefleeting bay at some elevation above the main focal axis, and asupplemental reflecting bay below the main axis, in combination with alamp located in the main bay at such position that its rays will bereflected directly toward the front, a lamp located in the focal axis ofeach of the other two bays, said supplemental lamps being so disposedthat the rays of the upper supplemental lamp will be reflected laterallytoward one side and the rays of the lower supplemental lamp will bereflected laterally toward the opposite side without intersection of therays from either supplemental lamp with the rays from the main lamp.

2. A light reflector consisting of a concave shell having a reflectinginner face, a main reflecting bay on the focal axis, a supplementalreflecting bay at some elevation above the main focal axis, and asupplemental reflecting bay below the main axis, in combination with alamp located in the main bay at such position that its rays will bereflected directly toward the front, a lamp located in the focal axis ofeach of the other two bays, said supplemental lamps and reflectors beingso disposed that the rays of the upper supplemental lamp will bereflected at an angle laterally toward one side and the rays of thelower supplemental lamp will be reflected at an angle laterally towardthe other side .without intersection of the rays from one supplementallamp with the rays from the other supplemental lamp or with the rays ofthe main lamp, and means for at will controlling the lighting of one ormore of the lamps as desired.

3. A light reflector having a main reflecting portion shaped to focus alight, supplemental recessed reflecting portions located respectivelyabove and below the focal axis of the said main reflecting portion, eachofsaid supplemental re flectors having its focal axis extendinglaterally at an angle to the focal axis of the main reflector,one'toward. the left and the other toward the right, in combination witha lamp located in the focal axis of the main reflector and a lamplocated in the focal axis of each of said upper and lower reflectingportions.

4. A light reflector having a main reflecting portion shaped to focus a.light, supplemental recessed reflecting portions located respectivelyabove and below the focal axis of the said main reflecting portion, eachof said supplemental reflectors havingits focal axis extending laterallyat an angle to the focal axis of the main reflector, one toward the leftand the other toward the right, the focal axes of all these reflectorsbeing in planes parallel with each other but at different elevations, incombination with a lamp located in the focal axis of the main reflectorand a lamp located in the focal axes of said upper and lowerreflectingportions.

5. A light reflector having a main reflecting portion shaped to focus alight, supplemental reflecting portions located respectively above andbelow the focal axis of the said main reflecting portion, in combinationwith a lamp located in the focal axis "of the main reflector and a lamplocated in the focal axis of each of said upper and lower reflectingportions, said lamps and reflecting portions being so positioned withrelation to each other that the focal axes of all three of saidreflectors are in parallel planes at difierent elevations with relationto each other so that the rays from any one of said lamps do notintersect the rays from either of the other lamps.

6. A light reflector having a main reflecting portion shaped to focus alight and two supplemental reflecting portions so located that the focalaxes of all three reflecting portions are in parallel horizontal planesat different elevations from each other, in combination with a lamplocated in the focal axis of each reflector, the focal axis of the mainreflector extending directly to the front, the focal axis of one of thesupplemental reflectors extending laterally toward the right and thefocal axis of the other supplemental reflector extending laterallytoward the left.

EDWARD M. WARNER.

